AP's new video service: Microsoft-only for now

AP's new video service has emerged from its beta test period and you can expect to start seeing it on potentially thousands of local newspaper and broadcast websites.

It's an experiment with a new business model for the AP, which is a membership organization. Typically members pay "assessments" for various levels of service. This project is different: members pay nothing and theoretically can make money by sharing in network advertising revenues.

It's all being done in partnership with MSN, which provides not only the technology but sells advertising on the video service. But Microsoft, as usual, has delivered a nonstandard implementation, one that won't run unless you have a PC running a recent version of Internet Explorer. Firefox? Macintosh? Linux? Tough luck, you're out.

AP has been catching hell from the members about the compatibility issue (and I've been providing some of it myself). I'm told that MSN is -- perhaps reluctantly -- going to address it for Firefox. What that means for Mac users is not yet clear.

This will put some newspaper sites in an odd position of having content on their websites that their own newsrooms can't see. Many newspaper newsrooms are still running OS 9 Macintoshes, unable to take advantage of modern Web standards, much less Microsoft-only services.

Baa baa black sheep, Myspace and news

News organizations are a lot like sheep. They graze together. Where they graze, the pretty much eat everything, right down to rock. When one gets spooked, they all get spooked. A sheep stampede is a thing to behold.

Writing for Poynter, Kelly McBride notes an outbreak of highly negative coverage of MySpace.com: "In the last month most MySpace stories come in three categories: Advice for hapless parents, criminal behavior and danger."

Meanwhile, Wired News cites "the great MySpace crackdown of '06" and says: "In recent weeks newspapers from the San Francisco Chronicle to the Rutland Herald have pressed out stories -- often on the front page -- with headlines like 'Online Danger Zone' and 'The Trouble With MySpace.' An NBC Dateline show in January colored MySpace "a cyber secret teenagers keep from tech-challenged parents."

MySpace.com may be this season's black sheep, but I hope editors aren't missing an opportunity to learn from it. For me, one of the fascinating things about MySpace.com is that much of the social networking is among people who already know each other in the "real world." Techno-mediated interaction is being overlaid on physical community. It may look new and different, but in some ways MySpace.com is stepping into the role that ought to be played by a good local newspaper: building deeper connections between people and their own geographic communities.

The power of the newspaper brand

It seems that everywhere I go, I hear a lot of talk about the advantage our newspapers have in that they have the strong, trusted brand in our communities. But here's a story that is circulating in the industry that turns the table on that belief.

A major newspaper recently conducted some focus groups to understand consumer perceptions of its online entertainment content. The content was very good, but usage was low. Consumers seemed to prefer to use other entertainment guide / calendaring services from net-centric companies.

One participant cut through the fog. Why, he asked, would I got to Pizza Hut when I want a chicken sandwich?

Strong brands are indeed an asset, but we can't lose sight of the fact that they stand for something, and sometimes that something is out of sync with demand. Tinkering with the "core product" may amount to adding chicken sandwiches to a pizza menu.

Last week at the NAA Marketing Conference in Orlando, Arizona Republic VP Karen Crotchfelt gave a compelling presentation about the company's multiproduct "audience aggregation" strategy. Apparently Publisher John Zidich gave a similar presentation in Paris. It's a tale of about a dozen product lines, each carefully tuned to connect with a specific segment in a market with tremendous geographic, ethnic and age diversity. By creating, acquiring and heavily promoting new brands, the Republic has built itself back into the market-dominating position newspapers owned a generation ago.

And here's an interesting tidbit: the Republic projects that by 2008, the AZCentral.com website will be the "core product" in terms of connecting with an 18-39 audience. That's something to think about.

How to offset the decline of print

Vin Crosbie's address to the WAN advertising expo is getting coverage from the Guardian and from WAN itself. WAN reported: "But on-line media produce 20 to 100 times less revenue per reader than newspapers do, he said. To put it another way, for every print reader lost, newspapers have to replace them with between 20 and 100 website readers to gain the same revenue."

I think that if you segment the users behaviorally and examine only the heavy website users, the picture changes dramatically and the revenue per user is more in line with what the overall industry generates. The problem is that the audience of heavy users is way, way too small. On some sites, more than 95 percent of the apparent monthly audience is either one- or two-time visitors. (And a big chunk of it is nonlocal Internet "drive-by" traffic that has little or no value to the advertiser base.)

Most revenue conversations tend to center on sales. I think the way to address the problem that Vin highlights is to focus on the audience and on the content/services that attract that audience. The gross unique-user numbers sound impressive, but we have to get the frequency up to a respectable figure in order to deliver value to advertisers. It's not going to be a simple or easy task in this fragmented world, but it's the right place to start.

The father of citizen journalism

Last week in Orlando at the NAA Connections conference, Lisa Desisto of the Boston Globe was given the NAA's online innovator award. In her gracious acceptance speech she acknowledged her two fellow finalists -- Dave Morgan of Tacoda Systems as "father of targeted advertising" and me as "father of citizen journalism." This, of course, immediately prompted a round of jokes in my corner of the room about illegitimate offspring.

I've never thought of myself as the father of citizen journalism. I'll accept some credit for a decade of beating the drum for participation, but I don't want to go farther than that.

It made me stop and think: Can anyone be the father of citizen journalism? I don't think it's possible.

It's a spontaneous phenomenon, a completely natural outgrowth of the personal publishing power that is inherent in the Internet. And it isn't just a result of the blogging craze. Back in the last century I referred to "a new kind of people's journalism" and the landscape at that time was dominated by sites like Angelfire, where the typical site was a rarely updated collection of jumping frogs and background sounds. I was thinking of those sites, but also of online group discussions (which have been around since 1973), photo galleries, and so forth. When people can tell their own stories, they do.

The CitJ label continues to be troublesome, and I'm not the only one who has issues with it. On the one hand, I strongly believe it's a type of journalism -- and on the other hand, the term "journalism" conjures up such powerful and specific expectations, left over from the era of mass media, that we are led into a thicket of confusion and arguments and harebrained ideas like the NUJ's "witness contributions" code.

Careful with that 'citizen journalism' label

Out in Colorado, New West writer Howard Rothman is critizicing YourHub.com for allowing shills for local politicians to "post whatever they like in 'news stories' and 'columns' which carry no costs like a traditional advertisement and have a degree of implied authenticity that elevates them beyond anything a paid ad could dream to achieve."

Is he right?

In 1994, when I was interviewed for the job as founding editor of Star Tribune Online, part of the process was to answer questions posed by a Newspaper Guild group. I remember being asked about the ethical challenges posed by allowing members of the public to directly post their own information online. After all, the process is ripe for abuse by political and other special-interest groups.

My answer stands today: Be absolutely clear who is speaking.

If there is a problem in so-called citizen journalism it's this: As it plays out in some environments, that clarity just isn't there, and the label "citizen journalism" contributes to misunderstandings.

Rothman is right: YourHub has a problem in that regard. For example, this political story has an unlinked byline. Who is Joe Stengel? It looks like a traditional online news presentation. It comes across as a piece of traditional journalism when it's really a political plant.

I think asking members of the community to write traditionally structured news stories, and then presenting those stories unfiltered as if they are newspaper-style journalism, is a mistake.

That's why I have grown to prefer using the terms "participatory" and "conversational." A site that is built around strong community interaction will develop its own methods of fixing this problem -- quickly. An active community filters itself through a process of criticism and response.

But some of the high-profile "citizen journalism" projects don't have that kind of interactive participation -- or, for that matter, very much traffic. Instead, they function primarily as online upload ports for print publications.

That may be an economical way to generate content for print editions, and those print editions may contribute to building stronger communities. But it misses the community-building power of genuine online interaction, and as Rothman has pointed out, it opens the door to uncorrected abuse.

As for New West: It may use the tools of the blogosphere, but it's really conventional journalism powered by a network of freelancers. Each has an online bio, and it's quite clear who's speaking.

(Thanks to Romenesko for the citation.)

A traffic mashup

Back in the last century when I was at the Star Tribune in Minneapolis, we built one of the first online traffic maps. It definitely wasn't the first even in the local market -- a local tech development firm had already built one as a demonstration. We considered using theirs, didn't like their terms, and assigned a programmer to create our own. It took some time, some socket-level Perl programming, some artwork and some creative uses of ImageMagick. MNDOT was happy to provide the data. A few weeks later we had it online.

That traffic map has been rebuilt several times over the years and is still around, but it's not any better and in fact is not as good as the original.

Today the climate is different. There's a whole genre of website, often developed quickly by an individual, using a technique called "mashup" in which Web services from a number of directions are combined into a single result. Adrian Holovaty's ChicagoCrime.org is an example.

I discovered that someone is building a mashup of traffic data, Google's mapping interface, and Google's Adsense revenue program at www.minneapolistrafficmap.com. I don't know who's doing it (the "about" page is blank, and the GoDaddy domain registration is cloaked). But it looks like the kind of thing that an entrepreneurial programmer could whack together in his/her spare time and, because of AdSense, create a small personal revenue stream.

The mashup actually has much more detailed information than the Star Tribune's map.

And I see that 10 years later, MNDOT still doesn't have any pavement sensors in the northeast quadrant, despite the notoriety of the I-694/I-35E intersection as a favorite place for trucks to tip or jackknife in winter weather. Fortunately I don't drive there any more.

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